Waste to Hydrogen System Dynamic Modelling

Abstract

Waste gasification is a promising thermochemical route for converting municipal solid waste and biomass into syngas for clean hydrogen production. This paper presents a Modelica-based dynamic model of the complete Balance of Plant (BoP) of the Hy2Rome Important Project of Common European Interest (IPCEI), focusing on three key contributions: (i) the integration of the gasifier Reduced Order Model (ROM), exported as a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU), into the Modelica environment; (ii) the dynamic model of the Temperature Swing Adsorption (TSA) unit; and (iii) the dynamic model of the Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) system for final hydrogen purification. All BoP components were calibrated against Heat and Material (H&M) balance data, achieving acceptable relative errors. The PSA model implements a four-vessel, eight-step cycle delivering hydrogen at a nominal purity of 99.99 %, maintained during the adsorption steps at cyclic steady state. The TSA model operates a two-vessel thermal swing cycle between 40°C and 270°C with a PIDcontrolled state machine.